The reform of the judicial branch of the federation entered into force after publication in the Official Journal of the Federation (DOF), so it is expected to be the first choice of judges, judges and ministers of the National Supreme Court. It will take place on June 1, 2025.
The Senate Chamber has 30 calendar days after the entry into force of the decree to issue the call and integrate the list of candidates who will run in the first extraordinary election to renew the positions of the Judicial Division. Federation.
The nominees are nominated by the three powers of the Union which would be the House of Representatives and the Senate of the Republic, the Federal Executive and the Supreme Court of the Nation.
Among the changes introduced, an election day will be held on the first Sunday of June 2025 to elect nine ministerial positions on the Nation's Supreme Court, as well as half the number of federal judges and justices. Vacant judges of the Upper Chamber, judges of all regional chambers of the Electoral Court of the Judicial Division of the Association, and members of the judicial disciplinary court are also elected.
The election of district judges and district judges is staggered, so that half of the positions corresponding to each judicial district will be elected in 2025 and the other half in the 2027 federal election.
The Congress of the Union has 90 days to adjust the necessary federal laws and make secondary laws to supplement the reform of the judicial branch, while the legislatures of the federal units have 180 days to do the same with their constitutions and local laws.
According to the decree, the remuneration of the judicial branch of the federation, the judicial branches of the federal bodies and the civil servants of Mexico City cannot exceed the remuneration established for the President of the Republic, which is up to 129 thousand pesos. this year.
CHANGES
The judicial reform proposes changes in the structure and operation of the Federal Judicial Branch.
It creates Ministers of the Supreme Court of the Nation, Judges of the Superior Chamber and Regional Chambers of the Electoral Court of the Judicial Branch of the Federation, Judges of the Judicial Disciplinary Court, Circuit Judges and Circuit Judges, all of whom are popularly elected. to vote at the polls; a process that INE would organize, like any other election, but unlike the elections known so far, the candidates would not be nominated by the parties, but by the three powers of the Union in equal proportion, the chambers. representatives and senators, the presidency of the republic and the Supreme Court.
They set specific deadlines, such as up to six months to resolve tax cases, and introduce a judicial administration board to govern members of the federal judiciary, which assigns broad responsibilities, including managing judicial careers and resources.
It reduces the number of members of the SCJN and limits the remuneration of judges to not exceed that of the President of the Republic, ensuring that it does not decrease during their term of office.
A special election is expected in June 2025 to vote on candidates for all of the aforementioned positions, and those elected would replace the current judges when they take office on September 1 of the same year. This means that all judges of the Mexican judiciary will be replaced by newly elected judges, and current judges can run as candidates to retain their positions if recommended by one of the three panels.